A Biodiversity Journey in The Marina Alta
The Marina Alta, located inAlicante, stands out not only for its coastal and mountainous landscapes but also for its abundant biodiversit y.
This region is home to a rich fauna that reflects the influence of the Mediterranean climate, along with a mosaic of ecosystems ranging from high mountains to coastal areas. In this text, we will explore the diversity of the fauna in the Marina Alta and some of the best natural spots to visit.
Introduction to the Fauna of the Marina Alta
The Marina Alta is a privileged location due to its geographical position. The mountain ranges that stretch to the coast, along with valleys and ravines, create a variety of microclimates that favor the presence of different animal species. Here, you can find both species adapted to dry, warm environments and others typical of more humid and cooler areas.
Mammals in the Marina Alta
In the mountainous areas of the Marina Alta, such as Montgó and Sierra de Bernia, you can find various species of mammals. Some of the most common include:
- Wild boars (Sus scrofa): These animals are abundant in the wooded and mountainous areas. Although shy, it’s not uncommon to spot them foraging at dawn or dusk.
- Foxes (Vulpes vulpes): The common fox is another inhabitant of the mountains of the Marina Alta. Usually nocturnal, they are sometimes seen at dusk hunting for small prey.
- Badgers (Meles meles): Though more elusive, badgers are also part of the region’s ecosystem, inhabiting areas with dense vegetation.
- Genets (Genetta genetta): This small nocturnal carnivore is difficult to spot, but it inhabits many of the mountainous areas.
Birds: A Paradise for Birdwatchers
The Marina Alta is especially famous for its birdlife, making it an ideal destination for birdwatching enthusiasts. The various habitats, such as wetlands, coasts, and mountains, allow for a wide variety of species to thrive:
Birds of Prey
- Bonelli’s eagle (Aquila fasciata): This majestic bird of prey is one of the symbols of the Marina Alta fauna. It can be seen soaring over areas like Montgó and Sierra de Bernia.
- Eagle owl (Bubo bubo): Although mostly active at night, you can hear its distinctive call in the mountainous areas of the comarca.
- Peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus): Known as the fastest bird in the world, the peregrine falcon can also be found on the cliffs of the Marina Alta.
Water Birds
Wetlands like the Natural Park of the Marjal de Pego-Oliva are a refuge for many water bird species:
- Grey heron (Ardea cinerea): This elegant, large bird is common in wet areas, feeding on fish and amphibians.
- Black-winged stilt (Himantopus himantopus): With its long pink legs, it’s easily recognizable in the marshes and wetlands.
- Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos): This common duck species is often found in the wetlands and reservoirs of the region.
Seabirds
On the coasts of the Marina Alta, seabirds are a constant presence:
- Yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis): Present on nearly all beaches and cliffs, this gull is one of the most common in the region.
- Northern gannet (Morus bassanus): During the colder months, it’s possible to spot these migratory birds diving spectacularly for fish.
Reptiles and Amphibians
Reptiles and amphibians also play an important role in the Marina Alta’s ecosystem, especially in areas with dense vegetation and bodies of water:
- Iberian wall lizard (Podarcis hispanicus): Common throughout the region, found in both coastal and mountainous areas.
- Common toad (Bufo bufo): This amphibian is frequent in wet areas and is mainly active at night.
- Moorish gecko (Tarentola mauritanica): Often seen on stone walls or buildings, this small lizard is beneficial due to its insect-rich diet.
Natural Spots to Enjoy Fauna in the Marina Alta
Montgó Natural Park
One of the top spots for wildlife observation in the Marina Alta is the Montgó Natural Park. This park hosts a wide variety of species thanks to its different ecosystems, from pine forests to Mediterranean scrubland. Here, you can find mammals such as wild boars and foxes, as well as a rich birdlife with eagles and falcons.
Hiking in Montgó
The park offers multiple hiking routes that allow visitors to explore its natural landscapes. Some of the recommended routes for wildlife spotting include:
- Cova del Camell Route: A trail that leads to a cave at the foot of Montgó, ideal for spotting birds of prey.
- Route to the Summit of Montgó: From here, panoramic views provide opportunities to observe birds soaring above the park.
Marjal de Pego-Oliva Natural Park
Another iconic spot to enjoy the local wildlife is the Marjal de Pego-Oliva Natural Park, a wetland that stretches between the provinces of Alicante and Valencia. This ecosystem of marshes and lagoons is home to many species of water birds and amphibians.
Birdwatching in the Marjal
The Marjal is especially important for birdwatching. Throughout the year, you can see species such as the grey heron, black-winged stilt, and various types of ducks. Additionally, the park has several viewpoints and trails adapted for birdwatchers.
Sierra de Bernia
The Sierra de Bernia is a mountain range that separates the comarcas of Marina Alta and Marina Baixa. Its rugged landscapes and Mediterranean vegetation make it a refuge for mammals, reptiles, and birds of prey.
Hiking in the Sierra de Bernia
One of the most recommended routes in this mountain range is the Forat de Bernia, a circular trail that passes through a natural tunnel in the rock. During the hike, you may spot wild goats, eagles, and other species typical of the mountainous environment.
Peñón de Ifach
The Peñón de Ifach Natural Park is an iconic rock formation in the Marina Alta that rises abruptly from the sea. It is an ideal spot for observing seabirds like gulls and northern gannets, as well as enjoying breathtaking views of the coast.
Climbing the Peñón
The climb to the top of Peñón de Ifach in Calpe is a unique experience. Along the way, you can often see gulls and other seabirds flying around the rock walls. Additionally, the flora that grows in this environment is quite unique, with species adapted to the harsh cliff conditions.
Cueva de las Calaveras
The Cueva de las Calaveras, located in Benidoleig, is an interesting site not only because of its historical and geological value but also due to the fauna that inhabits it. This cave is a refuge for several species of bats, making it a special place for those who appreciate these animals.
Conclusion
The fauna of the Marina Alta is a testament to the natural wealth of the region. From its mountains to its wetlands and coasts, the diversity of species inhabiting these ecosystems makes it an ideal destination for nature lovers and wildlife observers. The natural parks and hiking trails offer unique opportunities to enjoy this biodiversity in all its splendor, making the Marina Alta a perfect place to disconnect and reconnect with nature.
